Yesterday I made a couple of felted cobweb scarves. I decided it might be a good thing to post a little tutorial on “how to” for those who might be interested.
You will need to gather your materials and equipment. You need: wool tops (available from various textile suppliers, I use preblended merino and silk tops), a spray bottle that works properly (otherwise you get sore hands and frustrated!), a length of bubble wrap (you can get a 3m x 30cm length from Reject Shops or Australia Post), some nice soft pure soap (I use my own hand made soap. As you will have your hands in this a lot, be kind to yourself), access to plenty of hot and cold water, some clean towels, a long cardboard tube (like from the centre of material rolls), a mopping up cloth, an apron, a comfortable chair, time and space without distractions (up to an hour), some nice upbeat music and some muscle power!

For this scarf I have used to demonstrate, I decided to use two colours of wool tops - a dark blend for the scarf body and a light contrast for a feature.
Lay out your bubble wrap, then take about 2.5metres of wool top and put it on the bubble wrap. You will need a reasonable table area (which can get wet) or else lay it out on the floor to begin with. The top will be like a long soft “rope” of fibre. To create the scarf base you need to spread this out flat and fairly evenly on the bubble wrap, almost to the edges of the bubble wrap. If you are using a contrast, lay this as you wish onto the underpiece, or else you can add some more of the same coloured top to build up your scarf a little. I find just one top length tends to make a rather fragile scarf structure - to begin with, it is probably a good idea to make a slightly stronger one. You just gently pull out little amounts and lay them across where there are thin bits. It doesn’t matter if there are some thinner areas or even some little holes - it is all part of the lovely textural feel of the cobweb scarf.
This shows the top spread out on the bubble wrap, with the unspread top above.
Here I am adding my contrasting feature. I decided to make shapes like bows or butterflies. I added these to both sides, which is just a bit tricky because you need to “flip” the fibre batt halfway.
Felting is achieved by damaging the fibres. We are doing this deliberately and in a controlled manner. We use water, friction, heat, cold and soap to achieve this. The fibres will shrink quite a lot in the process. Our first step in doing this, is to wet down the fibre batt. Using your spray bottle, with warm soapy water (I usually leave some warm water with the soap soaking in it while I am laying out the fibre batt, then put that into the sprayer.) Spray this gently and evenly onto the batt to saturate it. I do a bit, then roll that up into the bubble wrap, then do a bit more, then roll a bit more.
Spraying with warm soapy water to saturate the fibres.
Rolling the wet batt up in the bubble wrap.
Once the whole batt is wrapped up in the bubble wrap, you gently massage it by rocking to and fro and pressing down. At this point, I enjoy having some music in the background, it helps with the rocking rhythm. The first time, about 25 rocks is enough.
Hand position for “massaging” the scarf. I have only one hand showing, but you need both hands. I needed my other to take the photo!
Then you gently unroll the scarf and check that the fibres are sitting as you wish. At this point you can make any corrections, add a little more fibre or shift things around a bit, so I spend a bit of time really making sure it is looking even and how I would like. As each bit is checked and corrected, I roll it back up, working along the roll from one end to the other. So what was in the middle will become the outside and vice versa.
Gently unrolling after the first short “massaging”
Making corrections and rerolling.
Now back to “massaging” - this time about 50 rocks, shifting the roll over slightly after each dozen or so. At this point can I suggest you check your posture and make sure you are sitting in a nice relaxed upright position, with your feet on the floor and as little pressure as possible through your shoulders and neck and that your are using your hands and wrists to do the massaging.
This time when I unroll, I have my jug of warm water and soap handy and as I unroll and reroll, I wet down the fibre a bit more and GENTLY - ever so gently, rub soap into the batt using a flat handed motion. Some people like to use a bit of net or orange bag for this part of the process. I guess I like to feel what is happening. It’s a personal choice.
Gently massaging soapy water into the batt.
Did I warn you that felting is messy!!!! It is! As you roll up and massage, then unroll, reroll and massage, over and over and over, checking the scarf each time you reroll, you will create a wonderful wet froth that pours all over the table and onto your lap and onto the floor. So this is where your mopping cloth comes into its own!
Good, clean, messy fun.
So now we have been rolling and massaging and rollong and massaging and how long do you continue? Well it varies, depending on your technique. But there will be a point when the fibres have stuck together into a sort of cloth. When it reaches this point (and not before - you can’t rush this part), you pick up the scarf from the bubble wrap and take it over to your sink or basin.
The scarf has reached the point where it is starting to become fabric. We still have a way to go though!
In an ideal world you will have a double sink. Otherwise a couple of large bowls will do. Fill one with water so hot you can barely put your hands into it. The other, fill with cold water. Now we are going to really damage the fibre! Put your scarf GENTLY into the hot bowl. Gently agitate it in the water for a minute or so, then gently lift it out. Check it doesn’t have any enormous holes you dont want. If it does, resoap it , lay it carefully back in the bubble wrap, reposition the dodgy bits and repeat the old massage and roll process until it has corrected. If the scarf is looking reasonably OK, then put it into the cold water. You will feel it “take up” as the fibres suddenly go into shock and shrink a bit with the temperature change. Agitate for a moment or so, still moderately gently.
The scarf placed gently into very hot water.
Checking that the fabric looks OK, before continuing.
Now we get a bit more rough! I love using the ridgy bits on the sink to do this part. You get the soap and taking the scarf out of the hot water, begin soaping and rubbing, working along from one end to the other, you will feel the scarf begin to get more solid as you do this. Just work from one end along to the other, then back again, until it feels fairly even and strong.
Rubbing with soap on the sink - flat handed again to get an even pressure across the fabric.
Once it has become quite “strong”, then we really let loose!. I use a trough for this. Be warned - you need to turn your head away otherwise you get soap all over your face and glasses! Hurl the scrunched up, soapy, wet scarf with all your strength into the base of the trough (You can use a basin on the floor for this). Pick it up knead it around, then hurl it again - SPLAT! Keep doing this until it feels properly felted - it is a feel - hard to explain. The more you do it, the firmer the felt becomes. If you want soft felt, dont do quite so much.
SPLAT!
Now you will have a piece of funny shaped fabric - so how do we get a scarf out of this? Firstly we rinse it out until it is clean of soap.
Rinse
Then we spin for about 60 seconds in the washing machine
Spin
Now we lay out our towel on a flat surface and get the cardboard roll and put it across the towel. Lay the scarf along the towel and begin to shape it. You can be quite firm with shaping the felt at this point, so get it nice and flat and even, pay attention to the edges.
The towel, cardboard roll and scarves laid out. Notice the difference between the part that has been shaped and the unshaped parts.
As the scarf is nicely shaped, we “permanent press” it by rolling it in the towel onto the cardboard tube, still damp. You will probably need two towels to travel the length of the scarf, just overlap them, as in the photo.
Rolling up the scarves, onto the second towel.
Pay particular attention to the ends to make them look tidy. What you do now, becomes permanent.
The finished roll, which will now sit and dry in a warm dry spot, for about three days. Then it will be unrolled and aired and hey presto - you will have a lovely scarf.
Here are the finished scarves after being unrolled.
Pretty cool aren’t they!